Hundreds turn up for National Rallies
Another watermark in HeCSC history was achieved on Monday April
20, 1998,
when two national rallies were held in Ottawa and Victoria. HeCSC
members
came together united and told our politicians that we will not be
divided.
Media coverage was excellent at both rallies. Many members are
now telling
their stories to the media with bravery and dignity, if not a
little bit of
discomfort. I feel honoured and privileged to be a supportive
witness to
the struggle, to see a community come together and fight for
their lives.
Here are the remarks of our President Jeremy Beaty at the Ottawa
press
conference:
“We waited patiently for Krever to write his report; we
waited patiently
for the governments of Canada to tell us how they would help us.
We have
publicly been witnesses to our heartaches from within very
private
families. As sick people we have been patient and reasonable in
believing
we would be cared for to ease our suffering through social
justice and
compassion. The wait is over. Today, we express our anger,
frustration and
outrage that decisions have been made to divide us when we will
not be
divided. That money is being held out as a salve to our needs
without
anyone caring about what are these needs.
April 20, 1998, will be a day long remembered for the coming
together
undivided of all Hepatitis C victims who were harmed through no
fault of
their own.
We are gathering together on Parliament Hill as one voice from
across
Canada to say publicly that we will not be divided. Those who
cannot be
here today have told us we will not be divided.
Today we are taking the following actions:
I will be hand carrying a letter to our Prime Minister asking him
to
personally intervene to ensure a just and fair resolution of the
issues
arising from the Krever Report that directly affect Hepatitis C
victims who
have been harmed through no fault of their own.
I will be hand carrying a letter to our Health Minister, Allan
Rock asking
for independent legal representation, funded by the Government,
for the
Hepatitis C Society of Canada to access professional advice on
behalf of
all Hepatitis C transfused victims.
We are asking for a full Parliamentary debate so that the victims
and the
people of Canada can hear the Government justify why it proposes
to
artificially and arbitrarily divide and create barriers among
people who
have the same viral illness through no fault of their own.
We are asking for open discussions with the provincial Ministers
of Health
to provide for health guarantees that allow priority access to
treatment
and therapies for persons infected with Hepatitis C through blood
and blood
products.
Since the compensation plan was announced last month we have
heard how any
additional dollars will damage our health care system. The
maintenance of
the health care system has no more to do with Hepatitis C than it
does with
foreign aid, flood and ice storm relief, or the purchase of
submarines or
helicopters.
We have also heard how the Government of Canada, in defending its
Hepatitis
C position, cannot compensate all those harmed through health
care. We
agree. That is the responsibility of those who deliver babies,
set broken
legs and provide anesthetics. However, the Government directly
provides the
blood that has harmed us and must take the responsibility for the
harm caused.
We are simply average Canadians expressing our expectations with
dignity.
Our demands are precise. We expect a positive
response--now.”
We need everyone's involvement to help galvanize governments into
action.
Your future depends on it.
Until next month,
Tim McClemont
Executive Director
-----------------------------
Positive Action, Ireland
Positive Action is the support group for Irish women infected
with
Hepatitis C through the contaminated Blood Product Anti-D. This
was a
product given to Rhesus Negative women who were carrying or
giving birth to
a Rhesus Positive child. It was a routinely administered blood
product and
accepted as safe by around 60,000 women who received the product
made by
the Irish State Blood Bank from 1970 to 1994.
In 1994 it emerged that certain batches of Anti-D were
contaminated with
Hepatitis C but it took nearly three years for infected women,
through
Positive Action, to learn the full truth about this contamination
with a
Tribunal of Inquiry into the Blood Transfusion Service Board
conducted by a
former Irish Chief Justice, Mr. Tom Finlay. Positive Action
members were
represented by the group's legal team at this Inquiry.
It was a member of Positive Action, Mrs. Brigid McCole whose
brave fight
through the courts was to uncover the first hidden information
about the
contamination. She died of Hepatitis C in October 1996 just days
before her
court case was due to be heard but the courage and struggle of
this mother
of 12 was to awaken huge public interest in the scandal and turn
the
political and moral tide to support Positive Action in its search
for
justice and the truth. A hidden scandal had now become an matter
of public
outrage.
This report highlighted that this contamination need never have
happened if
basic donor selection procedures had been adhered to by the BTSB.
Instead
the BTSB knowingly took plasma in 1976 from a pregnant woman who
had
naturally occurring high levels of Anti-D and who was undergoing
plasma
exchange treatment while she was clinically diagnosed as having
infective
hepatitis. Hepatitis C had not been identified at this time, but
Hepatitis
non-A, non-B, was well documented in medical literature. It also
emerged
when the first jaundice reactions from women who received Anti-D
were
notified to the Blood Bank in 1979 they were not followed
through.
In 1991 Hepatitis C testing became available and a London
Hospital showed
the clear link between Hepatitis C and the archived blood samples
from
women who were jaundiced in 1977. Despite having clear evidence
the Irish
Blood Bank did nothing.
There was a second major contamination of Anti-D from 1991 to
1994. Then
the BTSB ignored positive Hepatitis C tests on Anti-D samples and
put the
product into circulation.
The compensation scheme negotiated by Positive Action is now on a
Statutory
basis and therefore cannot be abolished without reference back to
the Irish
Parliament by any Government. Positive Action also negotiated a
detailed
health scheme, which includes home support services, for those
infected.
These schemes also apply in a similar fashion to persons who
received
Hepatitis C through transfusions, dialysis treatment or through
blood
products used to treat hemophiliacs. The group also coordinated
contact
between legal teams who represent individual women on
compensation issues
under a lead team which dealt with central issues.
Positive Action has been a multi-faceted organization for Anti-D
Mothers.
It has dealt with medical, legal and welfare issues and most
importantly it
has provided a forum for women to meet with each other and gain
support and
friendship from others in a similar situation. It is now
developing a
psychological service for members and operates from an office in
Dublin
staffed by a coordinator and Secretary . Just over 1,000 women
have now
screened positive for Hepatitis C antibodies and or virus in
Ireland to date.
hepcsc@island.net April 20, 1998
-----------------------------------------------------
COMING UP: Victoria Chapter Meetings: Last Wednesday of each
month 1 - 3
PM, and again at 7-9 PM, St. John the Divine Church Lounge, 1611
Quadra St.
(Entrance through the rear, marked Annex) NEXT MEETING: May 27th.
Penticton Chapter Meetings: Third Thursday of every month, 7-9
PM,
Penticton Health Unit - Board rooms. NEXT MEETING: May 21st.
Kelowna Chapter Meetings: Last Saturday of every month, 1-3 PM,
Rose
Avenue Education Room in Kelowna General Hospital. NEXT MEETING:
May 30th.
Nanaimo Chapter Meetings: Second Thursday of every month, 7 PM,
Health
Unit-Central Vancouver Island, 1665 Grant St. NEXT MEETING: May
14th.
Vancouver CLF Support Group Meetings: Second Thursday of every
month,
7:30 PM, Nurses’ Residence of VGH. (12th and Heather). There
should be
signs directing you to the right room. Next Meeting May 14th.
Contact the
CLF for more info at 681-4588 or Herb at 241-7766.
Sunshine Coast Support Group Meetings: First Thursday of each
month, 7:30
PM, Coast Garibaldi Health Unit in Gibsons. NEXT MEETING: May
7th.
Contact Carol for more information: 886-4298 or email her at
<ryker@cheerful.com>
HOW TO REACH US:
EDITORS
TEL:(250) 388-4311 Joan Diemecke
pdiemecke@compuserve.com
Darlene Morrow hepcbc@sprint.ca
http://www.geocities.com/HotSprings/5670
C.D. Mazoff squeeky@pacificcoast.net
VICTORIA CHAPTER OFFICE:
hepcvic@pacificcoast.net TEL:(250) 388-4311
http://www.pacificcoast.net/~hepcvic/hepcvic~1. htm
PENTICTON CHAPTER:
LESLIE GIBBENHUCK TEL:(250)490-9054
bchepc@bc.sympatico.ca
KELOWNA CHAPTER:
ELAINE RISELY TEL:(250)768-3573
eriseley@bcinternet.com
CASTLEGAR/GRAND FORKS/TRAIL:
ROBIN TOMLIN TEL:(250)365-6137
NALA PAQU CHAPTERS:
RIA KLOMP TEL:(250)248- 6072
(Parksville)
TED KILLOUG TEL:(250)752-1718
gjones@qb.island.net (G. Joneson)
(Qualicum Beach)
HELEN HUBBARD TEL:(250) 245-8759
(Ladysmith/Nanaimo)
----------------------------------
SUBSCRIPTION FORM
Please fill out include a check made out to HeCSC - Victoria
Chapter. Send
to:
Hepatitis C Society of Canada
Victoria Chapter
1611 Quadra St.
Victoria, BC V8W 2L5
Name: _____________________________
Address: ____________________________
City: _____________ Prov. ___ PC______
Home(___)________Work(___)_________
One Year Subscription: Donation $10.00 Member of: Victoria
Chapter__________[] Vancouver Chapter________[] Okanagan
Chapters________[]
"I cannot afford to subscribe at this time, but I would like
to receive the
newsletter. I am applying for a grant.".____[]
"I would like to make a donation so that others may receive
the newsletter
without charge"_______[]
(A limited number of newsletters will be available free of charge
at the
meetings, as well.)
-----------------
DISCLAIMER: HeCSS cannot endorse any physician, product or
treatment. Any
guests invited to our group to speak, do so to add to our
information only.
What they say should not necessarily be considered medical
advice, unless
they are medical doctors. The information you receive may help
you make an
informed decision. Please consult with your health practitioner
before
considering any therapy or therapy protocol. The opinions
expressed in
this newsletter are not necessarily those of the organization.
---------------------------
Victoria Chapter HeCSC acknowledges the personal donations,
donations in
kind and memorial donations received to date, and the following
for
discounts, donations of services, or equipment: Monk Office
Supply. CFAX
1070 Radio, Apple Canada, Pacific Coast Net and Island Internet,
Inc.
---------------------------------------
The deadline for any contributions of hepcBC.bull is the 22nd of
each
month. Please contact: Joan Diemecke at Tel (250) 388-4311,
<pdiemecke@compuserve.com>,
Darlene Morrow at 1203 Plateau Drive, N. Vancouver, BC, V7P 2J3,
<
hepcbc@sprint.ca> or
C.D. Mazoff at <squeeky@pacificcoast.net>
The editors reserve the right to edit and cut articles in the
interest
of space.
ADVERTISING:The deadline for placing advertisements in the
hepcBC.bull is
the 15th of each month. Rates are as follows:
Newsletter Ads:
$10 for 1/6th page, per issue
$100 for 1/6th page, 12 issues (in advance)
$20 for 1/3rd page, per issue (vertical or horizontal)
$200 for 1/6th page, 12 issues (in advance)
whole page: $60 per issue $600 for 12 issues
1/2 page: $30 per issue $300 for 12 issues
-------------------------------------
Dear Editor:
I've just been talking to the Capital Health Office - Kate
Darling - at
388-2225 about Hep B and Hep A vaccines - Immunization Program
for Hep A
will start after April 1st - call their office after that date.
Can you
arrange to have this info put in our Victoria Bulletin and on the
web site?
The Hep A vaccine (series of two shots over 6 months and lasts 20
yrs.)
will be given free to any/all people with Hep C. For uninfected
people who
are living in a house with a Hep B carrier they can have the
series of 3
shots free also but have to call Kate Darling at the Health
Office to make
arrangements.
Lisa in Victoria
--------------------------------------
Vancouver Support Group
On May 14th the Liver Support Group will have a guest from the
Self Help
Resource Association attend and facilitate the support group. The
goal is
to establish group norms and objectives for a cohesive support
group. A
second support group for the Fraser Valley/Delta area will also
be
discussed. Meeting time is 7:30pm. All interested participants
are
invited to attend.
--------------------------------
CANADIAN LIVER FOUNDATION
Evening in the Clouds: A Gospel Dinner for Charity Experience the
music of
the Cloud Nine Gospel singers at Mango's Restaurant in the
Pacific Inn
White Rock on Monday, June 8th at 7 PM. Tickets are $45.00 and
can be
purchased at the CLF office or any Hagan's Travel. Proceeds
benefit liver
disease research.
CLF Second Annual Charity Golf Classic Westwood Plateau Golf and
Country
Club. Tuesday June 2nd with a 6:30 AM tee off. Join avid golfers
for a
full round of golf and raise funds for liver disease research>
This is a
pledge event and registration packages can be obtained by calling
the CLF.
---------------------------------
Reminder: Any change of address, phone number or postal code,
please let
your phone contact (in Victoria) or your chapter secretary know
ASAP HeCSC
Victoria Tel. (250) 388-4311 hepcvic@pacificcoast.net
-----------------------------------------
FROM THE OKANAGAN
Ahhh, spring in Washington, D.C. It truly was a remarkable
experience and
an opportunity I will not soon forget.
The three day conference was held at Georgetown University - the
home of
the Hoyas. I was greeted by many I had spoken with only via
email. It was
great to meet these wonderful people face to face. I met Thelma
King Thiel,
founder Hepatitis Foundation International, Ron Duffy founder HCV
Global
Foundation, Trish Parnell, founder of PKIDS, Alan Franciscus,
founder
Hepatitis C Support Project, Cynthia Hoff VP, Hepatitis Education
Project,
Carol Craig and many others who post to the HEPV-L.
Saturday, all participants were invited to share what they do
best. What a
room full of motivated talent, representing almost every state!
Hearing
everyone's secrets was truly inspirational! We created a Patient
Advocacy
Panel whose goal will be patient empowerment. We identified 6
priorities of
this panel. We will be meeting regularly to accomplish the goals
we set for
ourselves and our groups.
Despite the border it became very evident we have the same
issues, problems
and needs. As we can not individually do much to advance
research, it was
decided prevention through education and awareness be our main
goal.
Sunday we got to hear the leading US doctors and researchers tell
us what
is new. They were an inspirational group. The panel included (all
doctors)
John Lamontagne - NIH, Harold Margolis - CDC, Leonard Seeff -
Veterans
Administration, Blaine Hollinger - Baylor College of Medicine,
and Jay
Hoofnagle - NIH. Probably the loudest messages these gentlemen
brought to
the delegates were: 1) we must push for doctors and health care
workers to
be better educated about Hepatitis C and 2) yes, Hepatitis C
carriers DO
experience liver pain - it is very real!
The highlight of the weekend was listening to Dr. C.. Everett
Koop speak at
the Awards dinner and to actually meet the four researchers who
discovered
the Hepatitis C genome.
Dr. Koop has been working on a process, hyper thermal therapy,
for 8 years,
a process where he extracts the infected person’s blood,
heats it, then
replaces it. This effectively kills the virus. It sounds very
promising
and I hope to be able to share more with you at a later date.
We spent our last day learning how to approach politicians and
practising
our newly learned skills. We also made an impromptu visit to the
Canadian
embassy where we were not made to feel very welcome. I suppose we
should
have made an appointment!
I am looking forward to attending again next year...God willing.
Until next month, take good care of yourselves.
Love,
Leslie
-------------------------------------
Background document on Irish Compensation Scheme for all
Hepatitis C
victims infected through blood and blood products
In Dublin, two panels of the Compensation Tribunal sit five days
a week
hearing compensation awards. Each claim is determined
individually and in
private. 1,792 claims for compensation under this statutory
scheme have
been lodged.
The scheme is open to all persons diagnosed with Hepatitis C from
tainted
blood or blood products. The children or spouses who become
secondarily
infected can claim. No time periods are specified
Two national screening programs have taken place in Ireland
inviting people
who have received blood and blood products to come forward for
Hepatitis C
testing.
The Compensation Scheme is enshrined in law - meaning no future
Irish
Government can dissolve it by claiming hard economic times.
Only the legal team representing the victim asks questions at
non-adversarial hearings.
Claimants can decide whether they wish a full and final payment
or a
provisional award - this allows an individual to return to the
Compensation
Tribunal in the event of a specified deterioration in health.
Loss of income and other associated costs can be claimed.
If an offer of compensation is unacceptable to an individual then
a
claimant can appeal all or part of that award in private to the
Irish High
Court.
All legal and other costs associated with a successful claim are
met by the
State.
The scheme does not prejudice the right of an individual to go
directly to
the High Court and claim compensation there instead of from the
Tribunal.Background document on Irish Compensation Scheme for all
Hepatitis
C victims infected through blood and blood products
Hepatitis C Society of Canada (HeCSC), April 1998.
---------------------
DAVE'S COLUMN
Someone a long time ago said that "Canada needs only to be
known in order
to be great." Once upon a time, Canadians were known for
their compassion,
therefore its standing in the world was a model for other
countries to
emulate.
Compassion: What does it mean exactly? According to Collins’
Thesaurus it
can mean clemency, commiseration, condolence, humanity, kindness,
mercy,
sorrow, sympathy, tender- heartedness, and tenderness; qualities
sadly
lacking in today's government and, by extension, throughout our
whole society.
Our nation is becoming a country full of special interest groups
competing
for an ever decreasing slice of the economic pie. This is exactly
what our
governments want to see happen. It's the old divide and conquer
routine.
That way, the government can have an easier time controlling us,
even
though its more chaotic and everyone always seems to be in crisis
mode.
Now, I don't want to believe this. It seems to offend my innate
but very
British sense of decency and decorum. Are we not placed here upon
this
earth ultimately to help each other, especially within the
confines of our
national borders? Sure, we'll help individuals wronged by the
"system".
We'll give aid to those whose economic and ecological systems
have failed
them. We'll provide for flood and ice victims. We will correct
the
injustices done to those in our society who've been wrongly
convicted of
crimes. We will give millions if not billions of dollars to other
countries
to give them a leg up when needed. But for some strange reason,
our
governments will throw a paltry few thousand dollars to some,
only some,
not all of those of us who have been poisoned by a medical system
that gave
us no reason to distrust or fear it. This is becoming a travesty
of
Canadian justice. How the scales of our political will can tip so
far out
of balance to favour the bottom line instead of compassion and
human
decency is beyond comprehension. How these people can actually
get up in
the morning and look at themselves in the mirror is mind-boggling
to say
the least .
Our esteemed leaders are so far out of touch with reality, they
think that
we will actually swallow their swill about dates and times of
eligibility
for compensation. Their insistence that 1986 was the benchmark
year for
admissibility of fault and a bonafide cut-off point for
compensation is, to
my mind, a conscious effort on their part to confuse the issue
and mislead
the public away from the truth. the truth being that both the Red
Cross and
the federal government AND the pharmaceutical companies engaged
in a
campaign to hoodwink the general public.
We know that the truth about the blood supply was well known as
early as
1978 given that it was already being reported in the media. I ask
the
question at this time. Did it really take 12 years to build the
infrastructure to implement the test that would have avoided this
scandalous and avoidable sin against the Canadian public, or did
those
responsible just care less about the consequences of their
actions and let
the chips fall where they may, which has lead us to the present
horrible
state of affairs ?
David Smith, Chair
------------------------------
WARNING FOR PEOPLE TAKING CESAMET (Nabilone)
I spoke with Dr. Anderson this morning. He was very concerned
about
something that he had heard. It appears that some people with HCV
are
taking Cesamet (nabilone) for nausea. This drug is very toxic to
the liver
and should NOT be used by HCV patients.
Nabilone is used in the treatment of nausea associated with
chemotherapy.
Nabilone should be used in extreme caution in patients with
severe liver
dysfunction (HCV).
In addition, the side effects of Nabilone include depression,
loss of
appetite, confusion, fatigue and headache. These side effects are
already
common in HCV patients especially those taking interferon. A
decrease in
the white blood cells is also seen with both the nabulone and
interferon.
If nausea is a problem, it is recommended that ginger be used.
You can buy
standardized, organic ginger in the health food store ($10.00 for
100-500mg
capsules). Take 3 capsules as needed. If this doesn't work,
Gravol would
be the second choice.
Darlene Morrow
---------------------------------------
Hepatitis C Victims Define Their Expectations
Media Release Hepatitis C Society of Canada (HeCSC) Ottawa, April
20.
Prime Minister Jean Chrétien has, today, been requested by the
Hepatitis C
Society of Canada to personally intervene to ensure there is a
just and
fair resolution of issues arising from the Krever Report on the
Blood
System in Canada.
The Society has taken this action in its bid for compassion and
justice for
all Canadians infected, through no fault of their own, with
Hepatitis C
through blood and blood products. Members of the group will
gather this
morning from all parts of Canada on Parliament Hill to publicly
show their
anger and sense of outrage and how the Government proposes to
resolve
compensation issues.
On March 27, 1998, the Government excluded many sufferers of this
Hepatitis C tragedy from its compensation plan. The Hepatitis C
Society of
Canada has also asked the Prime Minister and Federal Health
Minister Allan
Rock, as well as their Government colleagues, to re-open the
compensation
plan and ensure there is full consultation in advance of a
negotiated
settlement.
Joining the rally will be two representatives from the Irish
Hepatitis C
campaign group, Positive Action. Josephine Mahony and Jane
O’Brien will
tell Canadian victims how the Irish plan includes health and
compensation
for all infected through blood and blood products. The Krever
Report
described the Irish solution as the world’s most advanced
system for
righting wrongs perpetrated by the State.
The Hepatitis C Society of Canada is now stepping up it’s
campaign to
ensure there is an immediate political will to address current
issues
through consultation with victims. Prime Minister Chrétien was
told by the
Society President that “it is not adequate or acceptable to
simply offer
money to a selected group in an attempt to absolve your
responsibilities”.
In particular the group is now seeking:
Re-opening of the Compensation Plan to address the cruel offer
and to
ensure there is full consultation in advance of a negotiated
settlement.
Independent legal representation for the Hepatitis C Society of
Canada,
funded by the Government, to enable it access professional advice
on behalf
of transfused victims. This is sought in a letter to Federal
Health
Minister Allan Rock. The Society has told the Minister that the
solutions,
with cruel and unjust exclusions, will not work and an immediate
meeting is
sought with Minister Rock.
A full parliamentary debate to allow Canadians to hear the
Federal
Government try and justify why it proposes to artificially divide
and
create barriers among people who have the same viral illness,
through no
fault of their own.
The Hepatitis C Society of Canada is now stepping up its actions
to ensure
politicians and our fellow citizens understand the anger,
frustration and
outrage victims feel at the inadequate plan put forward by the
Governments.
Today we have written to all Provincial Health Ministers and all
Cabinet
Ministers in the Federal Government clearly stating our anger and
outrage
at what is proposed. Other actions planned include:
-A national recruitment campaign to give victims and their
families a voice
in reaching a just and fair resolution of this issue.
-Developing an intensive communications network to communicate
with
provincial, and Federal Government politicians to ensure they are
fully
aware of the our strong views and concerns.
-President of the Hepatitis C Society of Canada Jeremy Beaty said
today
victims have been patient too long. “As sick people we have
been patient
and reasonable in believing we would be cared for to ease our
suffering
through social justice and compassion. The wait is over. Today we
express
our anger, frustration and outrage that decisions have been made
to divide
us when we will not be divided”. He described the April 20
Rally of
Hepatitis C victims as a day that will be long remembered for the
coming
together of all Hepatitis C victims who were harmed through no
fault of
their own.
Tim McClemont,
Executive Director
------------------------
AGE-RELATED RESPONSE TO INTERFERON-ALFA TREATMENT IN WOMEN VS MEN
WITH
CHRONIC HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION
Background: Interferon alfa is used widely for patients with
chronic
hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Little is known, however, of
the
relationship between patients' sex and the effectiveness of
interferon alfa
treatment in these patients. Methods: We treated 311 patients
(199 men and
112 women) with human lymphoblastoid interferon (6 million units
subcutaneously every day for 2 weeks and 3 times a week for 22
weeks) and
observed them for an additional 6 months. Serum HCV RNA levels
and genotype
were tested by polymerase chain reaction before treatment. A
liver biopsy
was also done. For the purposes of this study, a complete
response was
defined as the elimination of HCV RNA for at least 6 months after
the
termination of treatment.
Results: The rate of complete response was 27.1% for men and
24.1%
for women. With multiple logistic regression analysis, the HCV
RNA level
(P<.001), genotype (P<.001), patients' sex (P<.05), and
the interaction
between sex and age were associated with a complete response to
interferon
alfa. The rate of complete response was 33.3% in men aged 39
years and
younger, 25.0% in men aged 40 years and older, 75.0% in women
aged 39 years
and younger, and 15.6% in women aged 40 years and older. The odds
ratio by
group was 1.00, 0.72, 4.38, and 0.21, respectively.
Conclusions: Our finding that women aged 39 years and younger are
responsive to interferon alfa treatment suggests that hormonal
activity, in
particular the level of estrogen, may be associated with the
sustained
elimination of HCV.
AUTHOR: HAYASHI J, KYUSHU UNIV HOSP, DEPT GEN MED, HIGASHI KU
FUKUOKA
81282, JAPAN SOURCE: ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 1998
JAN26;158(2):177-181
-----------------------
*************************************************************
HepC BC
http://www.geocities.com/HotSprings/5670
Email: hepcbc@iforward.com
Hepatitis C Education and Canadian Support
*************************************************************
HepC BC